ADDITIVE LIST TABLE

Additive Code

Additives

Advice

100

Curcumin or turmeric (contains salicylates so avoid it if you are sensitive to salicylates)

CAUTION

101

Riboflavin, also called lactoflavin, vitamin B2, Riboflavin-5′-phosphate

OK

102 (artificial)

Tartrazine, also called yellow #5, CI 19140 (yellow food colour)

AVOID

103

Alkanet or Alkannin, pink (could contain salicylates)

CAUTION

104 (artificial)

Quinoline yellow, CI 47005

AVOID

110 (artificial)

Sunset yellow FCF, yellow #6, CI 15985

AVOID

120

Cochineal or carmines or Carminic acid, red (certain people are allergic)

CAUTION

122 (artificial)

Azorubine or Carmoisine, CI 14720

AVOID

123 (artificial)

Amaranth, also called CI 16185

AVOID

124 (artificial)

Ponceau 4R, also called brilliant scarlet, CI 16255

AVOID

127 (artificial)

Erythrosine, also called red #3, CI 45430

AVOID

129 (artificial)

Allura red AC, also called red #40, CI 16035

AVOID

132 (artificial)

Indigotine, also called indigo carmine, blue #2, CI 73015

AVOID

133 (artificial)

Brilliant Blue FCF, also called blue #1, CI 42090

AVOID

140

Chlorophyll (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates)

CAUTION

141

Chlorophyll-copper complex, sodium and potassium salts (may contain salicylates or glutamates)

CAUTION

142 (artificial)

Green S, acid brilliant green, CI 44090

AVOID

143 (artificial)

Fast green FCF, green #3, CI 42053

AVOID

150a

Caramel, safest out of all caramels

CAUTION

150b

Caramel, may cause gastrointestinal problems

CAUTION

150c

Caramel, known to cause convulsions in animals

CAUTION

150d

Caramel

CAUTION

151 (artificial)

Brilliant black BN or Brilliant black PN, CI28440

AVOID

153(artificial)

Carbon blacksalso calledVegetable carbon

OK

155 (artificial)

Brown HT,also calledchocolate brown, CI 52028

AVOID

160a

Carotene, or beta carotene

OK

160b

Annatto extracts,also called bixin, norbixin, CI 75120

AVOID

160c

Paprika oleoresins (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates)

CAUTION

160d

Lycopene (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

160e

b-apo-8′-Carotenal

OK

160f

b-apo-8′-Carotenoic acid methyl or ethyl ester

OK

161a

Flavoxanthin (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

161b

Lutein (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

161c

Kryptoxanthin (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

161d

Rubixanthin (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

161e

Violoxanthin (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

161f

Rhodoxanthin (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates

CAUTION

162

Beet red (may contain sodium nitrate- not suitable for infants and small children)

CAUTION

163

Anthocyanins also called Grape skin extract or Blackcurrant extract, red, blue, violet (may contain salicylates, amines or glutamates)

CAUTION

164

Saffron or crocetin or crocin (commercial saffron may be mixed with artificial colour 102. Pure color from the saffron plant is safe)

CAUTION

170

Calcium carbonate, or mineral colour and calcium supplement

CAUTION

171

Titanium dioxide, or mineral colour, white, CI 77891

OK

172

Iron oxide, red, black, yellow mineral colours, CI 77491

OK

173

Aluminum, mineral colour

OK

174

Silver, mineral colour

OK

175

Gold, mineral colour

OK

181

Tannic acid or tannins, brown (may containhigh salicylates, amines or glutamates). Large doses can cause gastric problems.

CAUTION

Preservatives – sorbates (related with food intolerance reactions)

200

Sorbic acid (skin irritant)

AVOID

201

Sodium sorbate (manufactured from sorbic acid)

AVOID

202

Potassium sorbate (possible liver damage)

AVOID

203

Calcium sorbate (manufactured from sorbic acid)

AVOID

Preservatives – benzoates (related with food intolerance reactions)

210

Benzoic acid (large doses can induce gastrointestinal problems)

AVOID

211

Sodium benzoate (nettle rash sufferers are likely to be sensitive)

AVOID

212

Potassium benzoate (nettle rash sufferers are likely to be sensitive)

AVOID

213

Calcium benzoate (nettle rash sufferers are likely to be sensitive)

AVOID

216

Propylparaben or Propyl-p-hydroxy-benzoate (sometimes included in medications, possible skin irritant)

CAUTION

218

Methylparaben or Methyl-p-hydroxy-benzoate (sometimes included in medications)

CAUTION

Preservatives – sulphites, sulfites (are linked with intolerance reactions but particularly asthma. Not to be confused with sulphates 514-519 which are safe

220

Sulphur dioxide, (can be fatal to asthmatics)

AVOID

221

Sodium sulphite or sulfite (gastric irritation, nettle rash)

AVOID

222

Sodium bisulphate or bisulfite (gastric irritation, nettle rash)

AVOID

223

Sodium metabisulphite orvmetabisulfite, meta (gastric irritation, nettle rash)

AVOID

224

Potassium metabisulphite, or metabisulfite, meta

AVOID

225

Potassium sulphite, or sulfite

AVOID

228

Potassium bisulphite, or sulfite

AVOID

234

Nisin (naturally occurring antibiotic)

OK

235

Natamycin or pimaricin (naturally occuring antibiotic)

OK

242

Dimethyl dicarbonate (preservative reclassified as a Processing Aid, like ozone, hydrogen peroxide, lactoperoxidase, sodium thiocyanate and octanoic acid)

OK

243

Ethyl lauroyl arginate (antimicrobial)

OK

Preservatives – nitrates and nitrites (also colour fixative function.

249

Potassium nitrite (carrying ability of blood can effected)

AVOID

250

Sodium nitrite (carrying ability of blood can effected)

AVOID

251

Sodium nitrate (carrying ability of blood can effected)

AVOID

252

Potassium nitrate (potential carcinogen)

AVOID

Food acids

260

Acetic acid, glacial

OK

261

Potassium acetate also called Potassium diacetate (to be avoided by those with poor kidneys)

CAUTION

262

Sodium acetate, or Sodium diacetate

OK

263

Calcium acetate

OK

264

Ammonium acetate

OK

270

Lactic acid

OK

Preservatives – propionates (found in bakery products in Australia, UK and USA, seldom used in Europe. Hidden under names suchas ‘cultured dextrose’ and certain other ‘cultured’ ingredients)

280

Propionic acid

AVOID

281

Sodium propionate (causes possible migraines)

AVOID

282

Calcium propionate (skin irritation, migraine)

AVOID

283

Potassium propionate (causes possible migraines)

AVOID

290

Carbon dioxide (propellant manufactured from yeast fermentation)

OK

296

Malic acid (food acid) (may not be well digested by children)

OK

297

Fumaric acid (food acid)

OK

Antioxidants (Gallates and TBHQ, BHA and BHT are used to preserve vegetable oils and margarines. When vegetable oils are used in other products, these antioxidants are often unlisted because of the 5% labelling loophole. BHA and BHT can also leach into products from cereal wrappers and clingfilm. Antioxidants 300-309 are failsafe)

300

Ascorbic acid

OK

301

Sodium ascorbate (synthetic sodium salt of ascorbic acid)

OK

302

Calcium ascorbate (suggested avoidance for those with kidney stones)

OK

303

Potassium ascorbate

OK

304

Ascorbyl palmitate

OK

307

α-Tocopherolalso known as Vitamin E

OK

307b

Tocopherols concentrate, mixed, Vitamin E

OK

308

δ-Tocopherol, synthetic

OK

309

γ-Tocopherol, synthetic

OK

310

Propyl gallate (not permitted in foods for infants)

AVOID

311

Octyl gallate (not permitted in foods for infants)

AVOID

312

Dodecyl gallate (not permitted in foods for infants)

AVOID

315

Erythorbic acid (from sucrose)

OK

316

Sodium erythorbate

OK

319

tert-Butylhydroquinone, or TBHQ (potential nausea, vomiting, dizziness)

AVOID

320

Butylated hydroxyanisole, or BHA (possible carcinogen)

AVOID

321

Butylated hydroxytoluene, or BHT (not permitted in foods for infants)

AVOID

322

Lecithin

OK

More food acids

325

Sodium lactate (unsuitable for very young or lactase intolerant children)

OK

326

Potassium lactate (unsuitable for very young or lactase intolerant children)

OK

327

Calcium lactate

OK

328

Ammonium lactate (unsuitable for very young children with lactase intolerance)

OK

329

Magnesium lactate (unsuitable for very young children with lactase intolerance)

OK

330

Citric acid

CAUTION

331

Sodium citrate or Sodium dihydrogen citrate

OK

332

Potassium citrate or Potassium dihydrogen citrate

OK

333

Calcium citrate

OK

334

Tartaric acid (large doses can be mildly irritating)

OK

335

Sodium tartrate

OK

336

Potassium tartrate or Potassium acid tartrate

OK

338

Phosphoric acid

OK

Mineral salts

339

Sodium phosphate, or dibasic, or monobasic, or tribasic

OK

340

Potassium phosphate, or dibasic , or monobasic, or tribasic

OK

341

Calcium phosphate, dibasic or calcium hydrogen phosphate, monobasic or calcium dihydrogen phosphate, tribasic

OK

342

Ammonium phosphate, also known as dibasic, monobasic or Ammonium dihydrogen phosphates

OK

343

Magnesium phosphate, also known as dibasic, monobasic, tribasic

OK

349

Ammonium malate

OK

350

Sodium malate, also called Sodium hydrogen malate

OK

351

Potassium malate

OK

352

Calcium malate

OK

353

Metatartaric acid

OK

354

Calcium tartrate

OK

355

Adipic acid

OK

357

Potassium adipate

OK

359

Ammonium adipates

OK

363

Succinic acid

OK

365

Sodium fumarate

OK

366

Potassium fumarate

OK

367

Calcium fumarate

OK

368

Ammonium fumarate

OK

380

Ammonium citrate, or Triammonium citrate

OK

381

Ferric ammonium citrate

OK

385

Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate or calcium disodium EDTA

OK

Vegetable gums and thickeners

400

Alginic acid

OK

401

Sodium alginate

OK

402

Potassium alginate

OK

403

Ammonium alginate

OK

404

Calcium alginate

OK

405

Propylene glycol alginate

OK

406

Agar (large amounts can cause stomach bloating and gas)

OK

407

Carrageenan (may be carcinogenic)

AVOID

407a

Processed eucheuma or seaweed

OK

409

Arabinogalactan or larch gum

OK

410

Locust bean gum also known as carob bean gum

OK

412

Guar gum

OK

413

Tragacanth gum (large amounts can cause stomach bloating and gas)

OK

414

Acacia or gum Arabic

OK

415

Xanthan gum

OK

416

Karaya gum

OK

417

Tara gum

OK

418

Gellan gum

OK

Humectants also used as sweeteners (overconsumption may cause laxative effects)

420

Sorbitol or sorbitol syrup (over consumption may have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

421

Mannitol (over consumption may have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

422

Glycerin or glycerol

OK

Emulsifiers

431

Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate

OK

433

Polysorbate 80 or Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate

OK

435

Polysorbate 60 or Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

OK

436

Polysorbate 65 or Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate

OK

440

Pectin

OK

442

Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid

OK

444

Sucrose acetate isobutyrate

OK

445

Glycerol esters of wood rosins

OK

More mineral salts

450

Pyrophosphates, Potassium pyrophosphate, Sodium acid pyrophosphate, Sodium pyrophosphate

OK

451

Triphosphates, Potassium tripolyphosphate, Sodium tripolyphosphate

OK

452

Polyphosphates, Potassium polymetaphosphate, Sodium metaphosphate, insoluble, Sodium polyphosphates, glassy

OK

Thickeners

455

Yeast mannoproteins

OK

460

Cellulose microcrystalline (anti-caking agent)

OK

460

Cellulose, powdered (anti-caking agent)

OK

461

Methyl cellulose

OK

463

Hydroxypropyl cellulose

OK

464

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

OK

465

Methyl ethyl cellulose

OK

466

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (large amounts can cause stomach bloating and gas, suspected carcinogen)

CAUTION

Emulsifiers

470

Fatty acid salts of aluminium, ammonia, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium(can irritate bowel lining and skin)

CAUTION

471

Mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids

OK

472a

Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol

OK

472b

Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol

OK

472c

Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol

OK

472e

Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol

OK

472f

Mixed tartaric, acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol or tartaric, acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol (mixed)

OK

473

Sucrose esters of fatty acids

OK

475

Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids

OK

476

Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid

OK

477

Propylene glycol mono- and di-esters or Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids

OK

480

Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate

OK

481

Sodium lactylate, oleyl lactylate, stearoyl lactylate

OK

482

Calcium lactylate, oleyl lactylate, stearoyl lactylate

OK

491

Sorbitan monostearate

OK

492

Sorbitan tristearate

OK

Mineral salts (often used as anti-caking agents too)

500

Sodium bicarbonate or Sodium carbonate

OK

501

Potassium bicarbonate or Potassium carbonate

OK

503

Ammonium carbonate or Ammonium hydrogen carbonate

OK

504

Magnesium carbonate

OK

507

Hydrochloric acid

OK

508

Potassium chloride (Large amounts associated with gastric ulcers, should not be given to children)

CAUTION

509

Calcium chloride (possible stomach irritant)

CAUTION

510

Ammonium chloride (large amounts can cause acidosis)

CAUTION

511

Magnesium chloride

OK

512

Stannous chloride

OK

514

Sodium sulphate

OK

515

Potassium sulphate

OK

516

Calcium sulphate

OK

518

Magnesium sulphate (laxative)

OK

519

Cupric sulphate

CAUTION

526

Calcium hydroxide

OK

529

Calcium oxide

OK

530

Magnesium oxide

OK

535

Sodium ferrocyanide

OK

536

Potassium ferrocyanide

OK

541

Sodium aluminium phosphate

OK

542

Bone phosphate (vegetarians may want to avoid)

OK

551

Silicon dioxide, amorphous

OK

552

Calcium silicate

OK

553

Magnesium silicate or Talc (suspected carcinogen)

CAUTION

554

Sodium aluminosilicate (high intake associated with Alzheimer’s and nerve damage because of aluminum salts)

CAUTION

555

Potassium aluminium silicate

OK

556

Calcium aluminium silicate (high intake associated with Alzheimer’s and nerve damage because of aluminum salts)

CAUTION

558

Bentonite

OK

559

Aluminium silicate

OK

560

Potassium silicate

OK

570

Stearic acid or fatty acid

OK

575

Glucono δ-lactone or Glucono delta-lactone

OK

576

Sodium gluconate

OK

577

Potassium gluconate

OK

578

Calcium gluconate

OK

579

Ferrous gluconate

OK

580

Magnesium gluconate

OK

586

4-hexylresorcinol

OK

Flavour enhancers, glutamates and glutamate boosters (often hidden as yeast extract, hydrolysed vegetable protein HVP or hydrolysed plant protein HPP,

620

L-glutamic acid (unsuitable for infants and small children)

AVOID

621

Monosodium L-glutamate or MSG (unsuitable for infants and small children)

AVOID

622

Monopotassium L-glutamate (allergic responses-nausea, vomiting)

AVOID

623

Calcium glutamate

AVOID

624

Monoammonium L-glutamate

AVOID

625

Magnesium glutamate

AVOID

627

Disodium-5′-guanylate (prohibited in foods for infants or young children)

AVOID

631

Disodium-5′-inosinate (prohibited in foods for infants or young children)

AVOID

635

Disodium-5′-ribonucleotides

AVOID

636

Maltol (naturally occurring flavour enhancer)

OK

637

Ethyl maltol

OK

640

Glycine

OK

641

L-Leucine

OK

Miscellaneous additives

900a

Polydimethylsiloxane or Dimethylpolysiloxane (emulsifier, antifoaming agent, anti- caking agent) (possible carcinogen)

CAUTION

901

Beeswax, white and yellow (glazing agent)

OK

903

Carnauba wax (glazing agent)

OK

904

Shellac (glazing agent)

OK

905a

Mineral oil, white (petroleum)

OK

905b

Petrolatum or petroleum jelly (glazing agent)

OK

914

Oxidised polyethylene (humectant)

OK

920

L-cysteine monohydrochloride

OK

925

Chlorine (flour treatment agent)(oxidizes other nutrients)

CAUTION

926

Chlorine dioxide (flour treatment agent)

OK

928

Benzoyl peroxide (flour treatment agent)

OK

Propellants

941

Nitrogen

OK

942

Nitrous oxide

OK

943a

Butane

OK

943b

Isobutane

OK

944

Propane

OK

946

Octafluorocyclobutane

OK

Artificial sweeteners (may increase appetite and generally not recommended)

950

Acesulphame potassium

CAUTION

951

Aspartame, Nutrasweet, Equal (may cause headaches and hyperactivity)

CAUTION

952

Cyclamate or calcium cyclamate or sodium cyclamate (potential carcinogen)

CAUTION

953

Isomalt (excess consumption may have a laxative effect)

OK

954

Saccharin

CAUTION

955

Sucralose

CAUTION

956

Alitame

CAUTION

957

Thaumatin

OK

960

Steviol glycosides

OK

961

Neotame

CAUTION

962

Aspartame-acesulphame salt

CAUTION

965

Maltitol and maltitol syrup or hydrogenated glucose syrup (over consumption can have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

966

Lactitol (excess consumption can have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

967

Xylitol (excess consumption can have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

968

Erythritol (excess consumption can have a laxative effect)

CAUTION

969

Advantame

CAUTION

Foaming agents

999(i)

Quillaia extract (type 1)

CAUTION

999(ii)

Quillaia extract (type 2)

CAUTION

Additional chemicals

1001

Choline salts

OK